常州市育龄妇女预防出生缺陷知识、态度和行为的城乡差异

目的:探讨常州市城乡育龄妇女预防出生缺陷的知识、态度和行为差异。方法:采用多阶段抽样的方法对常州市5区2县的2 003例育龄妇女进行面对面的问卷调查。结果:城市育龄妇女知识知晓率为82.6%,农村为81.0%;认为TORCH筛查、染色体检查、传染病筛查和营养水平检测有必要的城市育龄妇女的比例为79.8%、78.0%、88.7%、72.2%,农村育龄妇女的比例为74.5%、72.0%、80.5%、61.5%;会上网搜索有关优生方面知识的城市育龄妇女为70.0%,农村育龄妇女为60.6%。结论:相对于城市而言,常州市农村育龄妇女对出生缺陷知识的知晓率低,知识的匮乏直接影响到育龄夫妇对预防出生缺陷的态度,不能主动形成有益于预防出生缺陷的行为,提示农村地区预防出生缺陷知识的健康教育不到位,育龄人群预防出生缺陷的意识和行为亟待提高。

Differences of KAP of prevention of birth defects between rural and urban women of childbearing age in Changzhou city

Objective:To explore the differences of knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP) of prevention of birth defects between rural and urban women of childbearing age in Changzhou city.Methods:Multistage sampling method was used to investigate 2 003 women of childbearing age from five cities and two counties in Changzhou city by a face-to-face questionnaire survey.Results:The awareness rates of knowledge among the women of childbearing age in urban area and rural area were 82.6% and 81.0%,respectively;79.8%,78.0%,88.7%,and 72.2% of urban women considered TORCH screening,chromosomal examination,infectious diseases screening,and nutritional level detection were necessary,respectively;for rural women,the proportions were 74.5%,72.0%,80.5%,and 61.5%,respectively;70.0% of urban women and 60.6% of rural women searched eugenic knowledge using network.Conclusion:Compared with urban women,the awareness rate of rural women to knowledge of birth defects was low,the lack of knowledge has impact on the attitude of women to prevention of birth defects directly,they can’t form beneficial behaviors to prevent birth defects actively,which indicates that the health education is lacking,the cognition and behavior of the women need improvement.