2006～2010年罗湖区5岁以下儿童死亡原因与干预措施

目的:了解罗湖区5岁以下儿童死亡率及主要死亡原因、特点与趋势,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法:采用回顾性调查方法,对2006～2010年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果:2010年与2006年相比5岁以下儿童死亡率有明显下降(χ2=5.681,P<0.05),流动人口5岁以下儿童死亡率明显高于常住人口5岁以下儿童死亡率(χ2=6.697,P<0.05)。新生儿死亡率最高,主要是早期新生儿死亡(占新生儿死亡的74.67%)。先天性心脏病是5岁以下儿童死亡的首位原因,早期新生儿的首位死因是早产低体重,1～4岁儿童死亡的首位死因是意外死亡。结论:降低早期新生儿死亡率和5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键是提高孕产期的保健质量和医务人员的急救技术水平。

Causes of death of children under five years old in Luohu district from 2006 to 2010 and the interventional measures

Objective:To understand the mortality,main causes,characteristics,and trend of death of children under five years old in Luohu district,provide a basis for making interventional measures.Methods:A retrospective investigation method was used to analyze the monitoring data of death of children under five years old from 2006 to 2010.Results:Compared with the mortality of children under five years old in 2006,the mortality of children under five years old in 2010 decreased significantly(χ2=5.681,P<0.05),the mortality of floating children under five years old was significantly higher than that of resident children under five years old(χ2=6.697,P<0.05).The neonatal mortality was the highest,especially early neonatal death(accounting for 74.67% of neonatal death).Congenital heart disease was the first reason of death of children under five years old,the first reason of early neonatal death was preterm low birth weight,the first reason of death of 1-4-year-old children was accidents.Conclusion:The key points of reducing early neonatal mortality and mortality of children under five years old include improving the quality of health care during perinatal period and the levels of emergency techniques of medical staff.