山东省孕妇营养知识和饮食行为城乡差别研究

目的:了解山东省孕妇的营养知识、饮食行为及影响因素。方法:采用分层抽样的方法,自行设计问卷,对山东省5个地区500名城乡孕妇营养知识及饮食行为进行调查。结果:调查对象营养知识平均为(7.17±1.74)分,及格率为44.00%。多元线性回归分析显示:居住在城市、文化程度高、家庭月收入高、参加孕妇学校学习是营养知识得分高的有利因素。城市孕妇牛奶和鸡蛋的摄入频率、有意摄取富含铁和钙的食物频率高于农村孕妇(P<0.05);农村孕妇"经常"食用腌制食物的比例高于城市孕妇(P<0.05)。结论:孕妇的营养知识水平较低,正确饮食行为有待提高,应建立和健全城乡孕妇的健康教育机构,指导她们科学合理的安排营养膳食。

Study on the differences between urban and rural pregnant women about nutrition knowledge and diet behavior in Shandong province

Objective:To learn the pregnant women’s nutrition knowledge and behavior condition in Shandong province and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:All 500 pregnant women of 5 different areas in Shandong province were selected by stratified sampling.Data were collected through the self-designed questionnaire.Results:The average score of pregnant women’s nutrition knowledge was 7.17±1.74,and the passed ration was 44.00%.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that lived in the city,higher education degree,and higher income,the pregnant women’s school experience were positive factors for higher knowledge score.The urban pregnant women’s intake frequency of eggs,milk,foods rich in iron and calcium were higher than country pregnant women’s(P<0.05).The country pregnant women’s intake frequency of pickles were higher than urban women(P<0.05).Conclusion:The pregnant women’s nutrition condition is not good enough.We should establishing and perfecting the health education institutions for the pregnant women in urban and rural and guidance their nutrition behavior.