骨髓间充质干细胞治疗视网膜新生血管性疾病的研究进展

视网膜新生血管性疾病并非独立的一种眼病，常见于许多眼病中，如早产儿视网膜病变、糖尿病视网膜病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜中央静脉阻塞和视网膜静脉周围炎等都会形成新生血管，是严重损害视力的病变。此类疾病丧失正常血管的结构和功能，引起病理性出血、渗出、水肿和视网膜脱离等病理性改变，是视力丧失的主要原因，已经成为世界范围的致盲性疾病。目前主要的治疗方法为针对病因进行激光封闭，或行玻璃体切除术，或是反复、多次玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子，虽然短期效果好，但不能防止复发，目前仍没有长期有效的治疗方法。干细胞治疗的出现为此提供了潜在的替代疗法。本文将对骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells，BMSCs)在视网膜新生血管疾病中的最新应用进展作一综述，展示其移植优势和良好的临床应用前景。

Research progress of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to treat retinal neovascular disease

Retinal neovascular disease is not an independent eye disease, which is more common seen in many other eye diseases spontaneously and cause serious damage to vision, such as retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal central venous obstruction and retina venous inflammation, which present retinal neovascularization. The loss of normal blood vessels structure and function, causing pathological bleeding, oozing, edema and retinal detachment and other pathological changes, they are the main reason for loss of vision, which has become a worldwide blindness disease. At present, the main treatment for the disease include of laser occlusion, vitrectomy, repeated vitreous cavity injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, those treatment has significant curative effect, but cannot prevent relapse of the disease. There is still no long-term effective treatment method nowadays. The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided potential alternative therapies. In this review, the latest application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in retinal neovascular disease will be discussed and present its migration advantages and promising clinical application prospects.