医院内感染的前瞻性监测

为了解吉林市医院感染状况，建立和完善医院感染监控系统，随机和一所医院内科、 外科系统进行随机抽样的医院感染前瞻性监测。结果共监测1359例，院内感染总例次为228例，发生率为16.80%，以呼吸内科感染率最高，为18.63%。感染部位依次为下呼吸道（38.60%)、泌尿道（26.32%) 、伤口（17.11%)等。病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主，占61.20%，其中铜绿假单孢菌最多见，占25.60%。各种病原菌对多种抗生素耐药，存在抗生素使用不合理及盲目用药问题。提示必须建立完善的院内感染监 控系统，采取综合防治措施，降低院内感染发病率。

PROSPECTIVE SURVEILLANCE OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

To understand the condition of nosocomial infection in Jilin City, and to estalish a perfect monitoring system of hospital infection, the Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery were randomly selected in three hospitals.Among the 1359 cases monitored, 228 were found to be nosocomial infection patients, the total rate was 16.80%. The infection rate in Department of Respiratory was the highest (18.63%). The sites of nosocomial infection were deep resiratory tract(38.60%), urinary tract(26.32%), operation-wound(17.11%),etc. The main pathogenic bacteria were G - bacilli(61.20%), most common one was Pseudomonas aeruginosa(25.60%) and the bacteria were resistant to many kinds of antibiotics. antibiotics abuse was quite often. It is necessary to establish the monitoring system of nosocomial infection and take measures to reduce its incidence.