Chemotherapy agents and timing of chemotherapy in prostate cancer management |
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Authors: | Kathleen M Donohue Daniel P Petrylak |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 10032 New York, NY, USA |
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Abstract: | In 2005, it is estimated that more than 30,000 men will die from metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. For decades,
no chemotherapeutic agent demonstrated a survival benefit in these patients, although two randomized clinical trials demonstrated
a clear palliative benefit using mitoxantrone combined with a corticosteroid. However, beginning in 1999, a series of phase-2
trials were performed using docetaxel, either as a single agent or in combination with estramustine. Preliminary data implied
a survival improvement, with median survivals reported to be 14 to 23 months. Prostate-specific antigen levels dropped by
more than 50% in 38% to 48% of patients treated with docetaxel. These findings were confirmed in two phase-3 randomized trials
in which docetaxel with and without estramustine have demonstrated a survival benefit using chemotherapy in the treatment
of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. |
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Keywords: | |
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