急性乙型肝炎临床特征和病毒标志物动态变化分析

目的 探讨急性乙型肝炎(AHB)临床特征和病毒标志物动态变化规律及其与慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)急性发作的鉴别诊断.方法 通过比较2005-2009年同期住院的105例AHB患者和102例CHB急性发作息者的肝功能、乙型肝炎三系和HBV DNA定量变化,总结AHB动态变化规律及区别于CHB急性发作的鉴别指标.结果 AHB组入院时一般情况、ALT、TBil、HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA水平与CHB组差异无统计学意义,但AHB组抗-HBc-Igm滴度为(26.34±3.74)S/CO,明显高于CHB组的(14.46±3.10)S/CO,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗2周后,AHB组ALT、TBil下降值分别达(1540.50±225.54)IU/L、(103.60±46.48)μmol/L,明显高于CHB组;AHB组HBsAg、HbeAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA分别下降(2558.46±644.26)IU/mL、(285.20±66.20)S/CO、(4.53±1.42)log10拷贝/mL,均明显高于CHB组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组抗-HBc-IgM滴度下降值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).AHB患者入院时,19.04%的患者HBV DNA已经阴转.AHB患者HBsAg和HBeAg阴转迅速,随防结束时,AHB患者90.47%出现HBsAg血清转换;94.24%出现HBeAg血清转换;ALT下降快速但其复常明显较病毒清除慢.结论 入院时AHB和CHB急性发作患者的临床特征基本相似,但经治疗后AHB组的肝功能恢复明显较CHB组快.抗-HBc-IgM持续强阳性(≥20 S/CO)、病毒标志物的快速下降和早期阴转或血清转换、ALT≥20×ULN且快速下降和复常缓慢是AHB区别CHB急性发作的主要鉴别指标.

Dynamic analysis for viral marker and clinical features in acute hepatitis B

Objective To explore the dynamic change of viral marker and clinical features in acute hepatitis B (AHB)and distinguish AHB from chronic hepatitis B(CHB) in acute onset. Methods Viral marker, HBV DNA in serum and clinical features were analyzed in 105 patients with AHB (AHB group) and 102 patients with CHB in acute onset (CHB group) between 2005 and 2009. Results There was no statistical difference in the mean levels of ALT, TBil, HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA between AHB and CHB group on admission. However, the titer of auti-HBc-IgM in AHB group was(26.34 ±3.74)S/CO, which was obviously higher than that in CHB group, which was( 14.46 ± 3.10)S/CO, there was a statistical difference between the two groups( P < 0.05). After 2 weeks treatment, the levels of ALT and TBil in AHB patients decreased (1540.50±225.54)IU/L and (103.60± 46.48) μmol/L respectively, the decreased levels in AHB group were high compared to CHB group; the levels of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA in AHB group decreased (2558.46 ±644.26) IU/mL, (420.20± 63.20) S/CO and (4.53± 1.42) log10copies/mL respectively, and the levels decreased obviously compared to CHB group (P < 0.05). The decreased level of anti-HBc-IgM in AHB group was no statistical difference to CHB group after 2 weeks treatment (P > 0.05). 19.04% of the AHB patients were HBV DNA negative seroconversion before they were hospitalized. The level of HBsAg and HBeAg in AHB group declined quickly. Separately, 90.47% and 94.24% of the AHB patients had HBsAg and HBeAg seroconversion at the end of follow-up in AHB group. The level of ALT in AHB decreased quickly but its normalization was slower than the clearance of HBV. Conclusions There is no difference in viral marker, HBV DNA and clinical features between AHB and CHB in acute onset patients on admission, but the recovery of liver function in AHB is obviously after treatment. Anti-HBc-IgM (≥20 S/CO), dynamic change and seroconversion viral marker, ALT ≥20×ULN and recovery can be used to differentiate AHB from CHB in acute onset.