惠州市麻疹患者血清流行病学调查

目的 了解惠州市麻疹病例血清流行病学特征，探讨麻疹发病原因。方法 对2003～2005年收集的390例麻疹疑似病例血清标本，采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测麻疹IgM抗体，麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例再用ELISA法检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果麻疹IgM抗体阳性率为76．6％，合格标本采集率34．1％。麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例麻疹IgG抗体阳性率64．9％；出疹与采血间隔天数长，IgG抗体阳性率和GMT高，≤1岁组病例IgG抗体阳性率和GMT水平最低。结论 麻疹发病主要原因是未接种麻疹疫苗（MY）和接种后原发性免疫失败，提高血清样本采集率和开展风疹血清学鉴别诊断是惠州市加强麻疹实验室监测亟待解决的问题。

Seroepidemiological survey of measles cases in Huizhou City

Objective To undemtand the seroepideniological characteristics of measles in Huizhou City and discuss the detailed cause of measles. Methods 390 sera collected from measles cases in 2003 - 2005 were detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay for IgM antibodies, and the cases who were confirmed of measles specific IgM positive were detected by ELISA for IgG antibodies. Results The average positive rate of IgM was 76.6 %, the qualified sample collecting rate was 34.1%. The average positive rate of IgG in confirmed IgM positives was 64.9% ; The longer the interval during rash and sampling was, the higher the IgG positive rate and the GMT were. The group aged less than I year had the lowest positive rate and the GMT among different aged groups. Conclusion No vaccination and failure of primary vaccination are the main causes for the onset of measles. To improve the sample collecting rate and carry out rubella serological identification assay are urgently needed.