广州市2005年肾综合征出血热监测结果分析

目的 分析广州市2005年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行特点和趋势,为制定防治策略提供依据.方法 收集广州地区疫情资料,描述其流行病学特征.HFRS抗体与抗原检测采用免疫荧光分析.结果 广州市2005年共检出HFRS患者75例,年发病率0.80/10万,死亡1例,年死亡率0.01/10万,病死率1.33%.病例多为青壮年男性工人、民工和商业服务者,主要分布于海珠和天河等地,发病高峰主要在春秋季.鼠间疫情监测显示鼠密度为11.7%,总带毒率为4.1%(26/632),优势鼠为褐家鼠,带毒率为5.4%(17/315).结论 广州HFRS疫情有上升趋势,流行因素广泛存在,应继续加大疫情监测力度,认真做好防鼠灭鼠及重点人群的疫苗接种工作.

Monitoring of Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome in Guangzhou City in 2005

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Guangzhou city in 2005 and to provide bases for establishing relative preventive and control strategies. Methods The epidemic data of HFRS in Guangzhou were collected to describe its epidemiological characteristics. Immunofluoresence Assay(IFA) was adopted to detect the HFRS antibodies antigens. Results 75 patients with HFRS were detected in 2005 with an annual incidence rate of 0.80 per 100 000. The annual mortality rate was 0.01 per 100 000 and fatality rate was 1.33%. Most of patients were young male workers, migrant workers and commerce workers and distributed in Haizhu and Tianhe districts. The incidence peaks were in spring and autumn. Surveillance on rats showed that 4.1% of rats carried Hantavirus(with a density of 11.7%) and the main host was sewer rat whose virus-carrying rate was 5.4%(17/315). Conclusions The incidence rate of HFRS in Guangzhou in 2005 showed an upward trend and relative risk factors existed extensively in Guangzhou. Epidemic surveillance of HFRS should be strengthened. Measures such as preventing and killing rats, vaccination among vulnerable population must be taken.