Heavy Metal Levels in Marine Mollusks from Areas With,or Without,Mining Activities Along the Gulf of California,Mexico |
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Authors: | Cadena-Cárdenas Lázaro Méndez-Rodríguez Lía Zenteno-Savín Tania García-Hernández Jaqueline Acosta-Vargas Baudilio |
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Institution: | (1) Center for Biological Research of the Northwest S.C. (CIBNOR), Mar Bermejo No. 195, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita. La Paz, Baja California Sur, 23090, Mexico;(2) Center for Nutrition and Development A.C. (CIAD), Guaymas Carretera al Varadero Nacional Km 6.6, Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico |
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Abstract: | To assess the safety for human consumption of commercially important bivalves harvested from areas with or without mining
activities, we compared the levels of heavy metals in mollusks collected from different coastal environments along the Gulf
of California. We sampled the mussel Mytilus edulis and the clams Laevicardium elatum and Megapitaria squalida (June 2004) and the clam Chione californiensis (November 2006). Concentrations of cadmium, lead, nickel, zinc, iron, copper, and manganese in the soft tissue of the mollusks
were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Based on dry weight, the highest average concentrations of iron, copper,
and cadmium were found in clams from Loreto (572, 181, and 4.66 mg/kg, respectively); that of nickel, in mussels from San
Luquitas (12.2 mg/kg); that of zinc, both in mussels from San Luquitas and in clams from Golfo de Santa Clara (94.3 and 91.8 mg/kg,
respectively); and those of lead and manganese in clams from the Golfo de Santa Clara (9.2 and 3.68 mg/kg, respectively).
Although mollusks were taken from coastal areas of the Gulf of California, which are considered to be contaminated by mining
activities, the heavy metals in the sediments apparently were in a chemical form that had low bioavailability for the bivalves
feeding in those areas. The interplay of oceanographic conditions and the chemical composition of anthropogenic inputs into
the environment is not well understood. Thus, these factors or their interaction could potentially result in increased concentration
and bioavailability of such metals in areas without effluent generated by mining activities. |
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