Behavioral variability, elimination of responses, and delay-of-reinforcement gradients in SHR and WKY rats |
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| Authors: | Espen B Johansen Peter R Killeen Terje Sagvolden |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;(2) Centre for Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Oslo, Norway;(3) Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, AZ, USA |
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| Abstract: | Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a pattern of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that is cross-situational, persistent, and produces social and academic impairment. Research has shown that reinforcement processes are altered in ADHD. The dynamic developmental theory has suggested that a steepened delay-of-reinforcement gradient and deficient extinction of behavior produce behavioral symptoms of ADHD and increased behavioral variability. |
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