产前焦虑对新生儿出生体重影响的前瞻性研究

目的 探讨产前焦虑对新生儿出生体重产生的影响,为提高产前保健服务提供依据。 方法 采用前瞻性研究方法,从2009年6月-2010年12月在本院产检和分娩的产妇中选择具有产前焦虑症状者220名,随机分成干预组和非干预组各110例,同时选取220名正常产妇作空白对照。干预组定期进行积极的心理疏导,另两组常规产检随访至产后1周。采用焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)评估各组产妇焦虑状况,记录三组孕妇所产新生儿出生体重及低出生体重儿发生率。 结果 干预组接受干预后焦虑标准分显著降低(P<0.001);干预组与空白对照组孕妇产新生儿平均出生体重分别为(3 390±510)g和(3 480±480)g,明显高于非干预组(3 070±610)g,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预组和空白对照组新生儿平均体重差异无统计学意义(P=0.160)。 非干预组低出生体重发生率也明显高于干预组和空白对照组(P=0.031)。 结论 孕妇产前焦虑情绪对新生出生体重存在不良影响,导致低出生体重发生率增加;尽早进行心理干预,能有效缓解孕妇产前焦虑,从而减小对新生儿出生体重的不良影响。

Effect of prenatal anxiety on neonatal birth weight:a perspective study

Objective To explore the adverse effect of prenatal anxiety on neonatal birth weight (NBW). Methods A perspective study was conducted with 220 prenatal anxiety and 220 non-prenatal anxiety pregnant women selected from Xinhua hospital of Hubei province during Jun 2009 to Dec 2010.Those 220 prenatal anxiety pregnant women were further randomly divided into non-intervention group (n=110) and intervention group (n=110) who accepted the psychological intervention.The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to evaluate the participants' prenatal anxiety extension.Information of NBWs and LBW were extracted from hospital recorded. Results The average SAS score of intervention group significantly decreased after psychological intervention (P<0.001);the NBW of intervention group(3 390±510) g] and blank group(3 480±480) g] were significantly heavier than non-intervention group(3 070±610) g](F=23.40,P<0.001).The gap between intervention group(3 390±510) g] and blank group(3 480±480) g] was tested non-significant.The incidences of LBW were significantly higher in non-intervention group than those of intervention group and blank group (P=0.031). Conclusion Prenatal anxiety may have adverse effect on NBW and psychological intervention may be helpful in relieving prenatal anxiety and further decreasing the adverse effect on NBW.