新疆和田地区667例60岁以上老人长寿影响因素分析

目的了解新疆和田地区老人的长寿影响因素,探讨遗传和环境因素与长寿之间的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对新疆和田地区洛浦县、墨玉县和和田县的8个乡共667例老人进行长寿因素调查,包括问卷调查和体格检查。结果研究对象的平均每标准人日热能摄入量为2196.02kcal,占推荐摄入量（RNI）的115.58%。其主要营养素摄入量中,胆固醇、视黄醇、尼克酸、锌较低,分别占RNI的38.88%、36.71%、59.29%和53.80%,其它摄入量都已接近或超过RNI;单因素Logistic回归分析显示,婚次、婚姻状况、性生活、住房状况、家族长寿史、既往病史和碳水化合物有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;多因素逐步Logistic分析显示,婚姻状况、性生活、住房面积和家族长寿史是老人长寿的影响因素（P〈0.05）。结论长寿的父母有长寿的子女,已婚的老人比未婚、离婚、丧偶的老人长寿,有正常性生活的老人比无性生活的老人长寿;增加对老年人婚姻和性生活的关心,有利于提高老年人的生活质量。

Analysis on the factors affecting the longevity people aged over 60 years old living in Hetian area, Xinjiang

Objective To determine the factors associated with longevity of people living in Hetian area. Method 667 elderly living in Luopu country, Moyu country and Hetian country in Hetian area of Xinjiang were stratified into various groups for this survey and physical examination. Results The standard nutrient intake included cholesterol, retinol, nicotinic acid and a small amount of Zn.The intake of other nutrients exceeded the recommended nutrients intake（RNI）. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that number of previous marriage, marital status, sexual life, housing condition, family longevity history, past disease history and carbohydrates intake had a significant（P0.05） influence on the longevity. Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression also showed that marital status, sexual life,housing condition and family longevity history were the influence factors of longevity （P0.05）. Conclusion Long-lived parents tended to have long-lived children. Married old male subjects usually have a longer life span than single, divorced or widowed. Male elderly who have normal sexual life live longer than the elderly who do not have normal sexual life. Increasing the care about elderly marriage and sexual life can help to improve the quality of life of elderly and promote health and longevity.