Hypertension artérielle du sujet noir âgé de 50 ans et plus a Lomé : aspects épidémiologiques et évaluation du risque cardiovasculaire (Étude prospective et longitudinale de 1485 patients)

Introduction

High blood pressure is public health problems whose assumption of responsibility especially remains difficult at the old subject. Generally it is associated with the other cardiovascular risk factors. We assigned for objectives to determine the prevalence of High blood pressure in the old subject in specialized milieu and to evaluate the cardiovascular risk among these patients.

Methodology

It is about a longitudinal exploratory study undertaken on 1485 hypertensive of 50 years old and more, selected among 1999 patients received in three health professional trainings of the commune of Lomé, of June 1, 2004 to June 30, 2007. Information had been collected using a card of investigation. Classifications of high blood pressure were those of the JVCVII and the European Society of Cardiology. The data analysis had been made by computer tools.

Results

The prevalence high blood pressure was of 74.29%. We had noted a female prevalence (63.8%) with a sex ratio of 0,57 and one middle age of 62.08 ± 9.3 years. Dyspnea (45.9%), chest pains (16.2%) and palpitations (13.2%) were the principal found symptoms. The various listed risk factors were: the dyslipidemy (58.1%), obesity (36.12%), alcoholism (16.7%) and the diabetes (10.6%). The complications were of order cardiac (87.81%), eyepieces (79.8%), renal (19.86%), neurological (4.92%) and arterial (0.99%). The cardiovascular risk was very high at 58.05% of the patients. The rate of lethality was of 1.9%.

Conclusion

High blood pressure is the cardiovascular risk factor most frequent in our country as from 50 years. Its assumption of responsibility passes by information, the education of the population and requires the mobilization of all the social components.