新乡地区农村居住妇女营养知识、态度及行为调查分析

目的了解当前农村居住妇女的营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)水平及影响因素,为制定适宜的营养教育计划,有效地开展营养教育提供科学依据。方法按整群抽样法随机抽取新乡地区4个农村的家庭妇女为调查对象,以入户访谈式与调查对象面对面进行问卷调查。结果89.0%的农村居住妇女能认识到吃甜食过多对健康的危害,而知晓中国平衡膳食宝塔者仅13.7%,82.0%的农村居住妇女认识到营养饮食对健康的重要性,84.5%愿意为健康改变饮食习惯。农村居住妇女的营养行为还存在许多问题,如经常不吃早餐(16.2%),饮食不规律(15.5%),根据个人喜好选择食物(35.4%)。年龄、受教育程度与营养知识有关(P<0.01),其中教育程度与营养知识呈正相关(b=0.180),年龄与营养知识呈负相关(b=-0.283)。农村居住妇女营养信息的来源中电视广播占比例最高(33.8%)。结论新乡地区农村居住妇女营养知识水平有待进一步提高,因其营养态度良好,很有必要要针对问题进行营养知识教育。

Study on nutrition knowledge,attitude and practice of women living in Xinxiang countryside

Objective To investigate the level of nutrition knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)and its influencing factors among women living in the country of Xinxiang,and to provide scientific basis for making proper plans of nutrition education and effective developing of nutrition education.Methods Women living in four countries in Xinxiang were elected cluster randomly and interviewed by a questionnaire at home.Results The majority(89.0%)of women living countryside were conscious of the hazard to health caused by excessive sweatmeat intake.Only a few(13.7%)had the knowledge of the Dietary,Guidelines and the Food Guide Pagada for Chinese Residents.Most of them(82.0%)had learned that nutritious diet were significant to health,84.5% were willing to change their dietary practice to improve their health.Some harmful dietary behavior of countryside women remained all the same,for example,not having breakfast(16.2%),irregular diet(15.5%),food selection to personal likes or dislikes(35.4%).Age and education were relative to nutrition knowledge(P<0.01),and age had a negative relation to nutrition knowledge(b=-0.283).For the countryside women,television broadcast was the main source of nutrition information(33.8%).Conclusion Nutrition knowledge level of women living in Xinxiang countryside should be improved.Their nutrition attitude is good.Effective nutrition education is necessary.