儿童脑积水脑室-腹腔分流术后感染的危险因素分析

目的：探讨儿童脑积水患者脑室-腹腔分流术后感染的危险因素。方法回顾性分析333例次儿童脑积水脑室-腹腔分流手术的临床资料。结果分流术后感染35例（10．5％），术后感染时间中位数为1个月（6 d至8个月），主要致病菌为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌16例（45．7％）、金黄色葡萄球菌8例（22．9％），这两类致病菌的甲氧西林耐药率为83．3％。独立危险因素为年龄＜1岁（P＜0．05）。结论低龄儿童（特别是年龄＜1岁）脑室-腹腔分流术后感染风险大，致病菌多为对甲氧西林耐药的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。

Analysis of Risk Factors for Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infection in Children with Hydrocephalus

Objective To investigate the risk factors for ventriculoperitoneal （ VP） shunt infection in children with hydrocephalus .Methods A retrospective analysis of 333 consecutive VP shunt series was performed .Results After VP shunt,35 shunts（10.5%） were infected,VP shunt infection occurred at a median of 1 month（range,6 days to 8 months）.The most common causative microorganism was coagulase-negative staphylococci in 16（45.7%） followed by Staphylococcus aureus in 8 （ 22 .9%） .The methicillin resistance rate of coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus was 83 .3%.An independent risk factor for shunt infection was age 〈1 year old （ P〈0 .05 ） . Conclusion The risk of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in younger children （ especially age〈1 year old ） is higher , the infection is frequently caused by methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus .