Dissociation of the effects of ethanol on memory, anxiety, and motor behavior in mice tested in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task |
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Authors: | S R Kameda R Frussa-Filho R C Carvalho A L Takatsu-Coleman V P Ricardo C L Patti M B Calzavara G B Lopez N P Araujo V C Abílio R de A Ribeiro V D’Almeida R H Silva |
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Institution: | 1. Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de S?o Paulo, S?o Paulo, Brazil 2. Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de S?o Paulo, S?o Paulo, Brazil 3. Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Abstract: | Rationale Several studies have shown the amnestic effects of ethanol (ETOH). However, while memory tasks in rodents can be markedly
influenced by anxiety-like behavior and motor function, ETOH induces anxiolysis and different effects on locomotion, depending
on the dose.
Objective Verify the effects of ETOH in mice tested in the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (PMDAT) concomitantly evaluating
memory, anxiety-like behavior, and motor behavior.
Methods ETOH acutely or repeatedly treated mice were submitted to the training session in a modified elevated plus-maze with two open
and two enclosed arms, aversive stimuli in one of the enclosed arms, and tested 24 h later without aversive stimuli. Learning/memory,
locomotion, and anxiety-related behavior were evaluated by aversive arm exploration, number of entries in all the arms and
open arms exploration, respectively.
Results Acute ETOH: (1) either increased (1.2–1.8 g/kg) or decreased (3.0 g/kg) locomotion; (2) decreased anxiety levels (1.2–3.0 g/kg);
and (3) induced learning deficits (1.2–3.0 g/kg) and memory deficits (0.3–3.0 g/kg). After repeated treatment, sensitization
and tolerance to hyperlocomotion and anxiolysis induced by 1.8 g/kg ETOH were observed, respectively, and tolerance to the
amnestic effect of 0.6 (but not 1.8) g/kg ETOH occurred.
Conclusion Neither the anxiolytic nor the locomotor effects of ETOH seem to be related to its amnestic effect in the PMDAT. Additionally,
data give support to the effectiveness of the PMDAT in simultaneously evaluating learning, memory, anxiety-like behavior,
and motor activity by different parameters. Possible relationships between the behavioral alterations found are discussed. |
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Keywords: | Ethanol Memory Anxiety Motor behavior |
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