静脉麻醉药抑制利多卡因致大鼠惊厥作用的比较

目的比较静脉麻醉药丙泊酚、依托咪酯、咪达唑仑及硫喷妥钠拮抗利多卡因致大鼠惊厥的作用。方法雄性Wistar大鼠36只,体重(250±20)g,随机均分为六组:空白对照组(C组)、利多卡因组(L组:利多卡因4mg·kg-1·min-1)、利多卡因+丙泊酚组(P组:利多卡因+丙泊酚12.5mg/kg)、利多卡因+依托咪酯组(E组:利多卡因+依托咪酯1.85mg/kg)、利多卡因+咪达唑仑组(M组:利多卡因+咪达唑仑0.65mg/kg)和利多卡因+硫喷妥钠组(T组:利多卡因+硫喷妥钠30.85mg/kg),惊厥后2h处死大鼠,取出脑组织分离双侧海马,一侧用于检测c-fos阳性细胞蛋白的表达。另一侧用于测定一氧化氮(NO)含量及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性。结果除C组外,其它五组大鼠均出现了惊厥,给予静脉麻醉药抑制惊厥,五组惊厥持续时间差异无统计学意义。L、P、E、M和T组c-fos阳性细胞表达、NO含量和NOS活性显著高于C组(P<0.05);P、E、M和T组c-fos阳性细胞表达、NO含量及NOS活性均显著降低于L组(P<0.05);M、T组c-fos阳性细胞表达、NO含量及NOS活性显著低于P、E组(P<0.05)。结论静脉麻醉药咪达唑仑、丙泊酚、依托咪酯及硫喷妥钠均可有效抑制利多卡因致惊厥作用,其中咪达唑仑与硫喷妥钠效果更显著。

Comparisons of anticonvulsant action of intravenous anesthetics against lidocaine-induced convulsion in rats

Objective To compare the anticonvulsant action of midazolam, propofol, etomidate and thiopental on lidocaine-induced convulsion in rats.Methods Thirty-six male Wistar rats weighing (250±20) g were equally randomized into 6 groups: (1) control group (group C); (2) lidocaine group (group L: lidocaine 4 mg·kg-1·min-1 until convulsion); (3) lidocaine and propofol group (group P:lidocaine and propofol 12.5 mg/kg); (4) lidocaine and etomidate group (group E: lidocaine and etomidate 1.85 mg/kg); (5) lidocaine and midazolam group (group M: lidocaine and midazolam 0.65 mg/kg); (6) lidocaine and thiopental group (group T:lidocaine and thiopental 30.85 mg/kg). Animals were decapitated 2 hours after convulsion and the brains were removed. One side of hippocampus was obtained for detecting expressions of c-fos protein. The other side was obtained to measure the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).Results The c-fos positive cells, the concentration of NO and the activity of NOS increased significantly in group L compared with group C (P<0.05). The c-fos positive cells, the NO concentration and the activity of NOS were significantly lower in groups P, M, E and T compared with group L (P<0.05), and especially in groups M and T.Conclusion Propofol, midazolam, etomidate and thiopental can inhibit lidocaine-induced convulsion in rats and it is more significant by midazolam and thiopental.