2型糖尿病病人足部护理及其影响因素调查

[目的]了解2型糖尿病病人足部护理情况及其影响因素,为针对性开展足部护理教育提供依据。[方法]选择广州市5家医院就诊的349例2型糖尿病病人,对足部护理依从性及有关糖尿病知识、健康信念和自我效能等进行问卷调查,采用线性逐步回归分析法筛选病人足部护理依从性的影响因素。[结果]病人足部护理各项措施执行情况不理想;病人足部护理依从性与其年龄、经济条件、糖尿病知识、健康信念均呈正相关(P<0.01、P<0.05);生活方式呈负相关(P<0.05),与家人同住的病人容易忽视足部护理。[结论]应强化病人对糖尿病足危害的认识,提高足部护理技能;注意对非老年病人、经济条件差的病人进行教育引导;重视对病人家庭成员教育,争取获得家庭支持,以确保病人有效执行足部护理。

Feet care of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and survey of its influencing factors

objective: In order to provide some bases for unfolding feet nursing education, to find out the situation of feet nursing care of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 349 cases with type 2 diabetes visited doctors in five hospitals of Guangzhou city were selected and investigated on compliance of feet care, knowledge about diabetes, health belief and self-efficacy of them. Then the influencing factors of feet care compliance of diabetes mellitus patients were screened by linear stepwise regression analysis. Results: The situation of carrying out feet nursing care measures was not satisfying.Feet nursing care of patients had positive correlation with their age, economic conditions,knowledge about diabetes and health belief (P<0.01,P<0.05). Living style of patients may influence their feet nursing compliance (P<0.05). Patients living with families are prone to ignore feet care. Conclusion: One should strengthen the cognition of diabetes mellitus patients on harm of diabetic foot in order to enhance their feet nursing skills. One should also pay attention to provide education guidance for patients of elder age and of poor economic condition. Meanwhile, family members of diabetes mellitus patients should be educated in order to get familial supports and to ensure patients to carry out feet nursing care effectively.