坐骨神经损伤修复过程中髓鞘变化的形态学研究

目的：探讨坐骨神经损伤修复过程中髓鞘的形态学变化，并对髓鞘显示方法的应用价值进行评估。方法：制备大鼠坐骨神经损伤实验模型，采用锇酸染色，改良苏木精染色和镀银染色等三种髓鞘显示方法对伤后30天，90天髓鞘的形态学变化进行比较研究。结果：应用三种方法均观察到伤后两组伤侧坐骨神经髓鞘形态结构同对照侧有明显差别，伤后30天神经髓鞘溃变程度很高；伤后90天，神经髓鞘形态结构接近正常。结论：三种髓鞘显示方法均能反映坐骨神经损伤修复过程中髓鞘的形态学变化，改良苏木精染色方法是显示髓鞘的形态结构及其与轴突关系的简捷有效的方法，锇酸染色方法不仅适用于显示髓鞘的形态结构，还可进行形态计量分析。

A morphological study of myelin sheath changes in sciatic nerve injury and repair

Objective To explore the morphological changes of myelin sheath in injury and repair of sciatic nerve and evaluate the value of staining methods used to show the myelin sheath.?Methods Animal model of sciatic nerve injury was prepared,the morphological changes of the myelin sheath in the group of 30 days,90 days after sciatic nerve injury was compared by using osmic acid staining, modified hematoxylin staining and silver staining respectively.?Results There were significant differences in the morphological changes of myelin sheath between the injury side and the control side after injury of two groups by the three staining methods. Severe degeneration was observed 30 days after injury.Almost normal myelin sheath was observed after 90 days.?Conclusion The above three staining methods can be used effectively to observe the morphological changes of nerve injury. The modified hemotoxylin method is the simplest and efficient way to show the structure of myelin sheath and its relation with the axon. The osmic acid method is fit for imaging quatitative analysis of myelin sheath.