脂肪干细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞成软骨能力的比较

背景：脂肪干细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞是软骨组织工程中应用较多细胞,二者在生物学特性上有诸多相似之处。目的：比较脂肪来源和骨髓来源的2种间充质干细胞的成软骨分化能力。方法：选取3月龄新西兰大白兔,取腹部脂肪,分离提取脂肪干细胞。取兔双侧股骨,采用贴壁筛选法分离提取骨髓间充质干细胞。绘制第3代脂肪干细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞的生长曲线,比较2种细胞的倍增时间。对第3代脂肪干细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞进行成软骨诱导,分别对诱导14d的2种细胞行甲苯胺蓝染色和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色。结果与结论：骨髓间充质干细胞原代细胞呈聚集样生长,而脂肪干细胞原代细胞呈单个、散在生长。脂肪干细胞增殖速度要快于骨髓间充质干细胞,倍增时间短于骨髓间充质干细胞h。2种细胞成软骨诱导14d后,均表达糖胺聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原,且骨髓间充质干细胞成软骨诱导后表达Ⅱ型胶原水平高于脂肪干细胞。说明脂肪干细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞体外增殖皆迅速且稳定,但是脂肪干细胞的生长增殖速度更快。单层培养时,特定条件下,脂肪干细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞均能向软骨细胞转化,但是骨髓间充质干细胞比脂肪干细胞具有更高的潜能。

Chondrogenic potential of adipose-derived stem cells versus bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

BACKGROUND： Adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are used widely in cartilage tissue engineering, and there are many similarities in biological characteristics between two kinds of cells. OBJECTIVE： To compare the chondrogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. METHODS： Adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from the 3-month-old New Zealand white rabbits’ abdomen. Bilateral femurs of rabbits were obtained, and then the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were separated with the adherence screening method. The growth curve of the passage 3 adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were drawn, and the doubling time of two kinds of cells was compared. Then the passage 3 adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with chondrogenic induction. After induced for 14 days, the adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱ immunohistochemistry staining respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells showed aggregative growth, while the primary adipose-derived stem cells were in single and scattered growth. The proliferation speed of adipose-derived stem cells was faster than that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, while the doubling time of adipose-derived stem cells was shorter than that of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. After chondrogenic induction for 14 days, both adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could express glycosaminoglycans and type Ⅱ collagen, and the expression level of type Ⅱ collagen in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after chondrogenic induction was higher than that in the adipose-derived stem cells. The in vitro proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was rapid and stable, but the proliferative ability of adipose-derived stem cells was faster than that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. When cultured in single layer, both adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could transform into chondrocytes under certain conditions, but bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells seemed to be more potential than adipose-derived stem cells.