Alzheimer型痴呆的失写特点

观察Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ型痴呆（ＤＡＴ）的失写情况及其语言行为学特点，探讨其机制。方法选择轻中度ＤＡＴ患者６例，通过汉语失写检查法（ＣＡＢ）计算失写指数（ＡｇＱ），分析失写性质。结果６例患者ＡｇＱ明显高于常模；损害程度由重到轻为主动书写、看图书写、听写、自动书写、抄写；失写性质全部表现为失语性失写，均有明显有构字障碍，字词错写中以字音替代为主，仅２例能写出语句，均见语法错误。结论ＤＡＴ的构字障碍是由于按一定顺序和数量提取笔划的程序记忆损所致，而字词错写和语法错误则很可能语义记忆的缺陷有关，主要是长程记忆的问题。

Characteristics of agraphia in dementia of the Alzheimer type

? Objective To observe agraphia and linguistics characteristics of DAT (dementia of Alzheimer type) and explore its mechanism Methods Six cases of mild to moderate DAT were selected. CAB was applied to calculate AgQ and analyze the agraphic elements. Results Their AgQ was significantly higher than the normal and the damage from serious to light occurred in spontaneous writing, picture writing, dictation, automatic writing and copying. All the agraphia was aphasic and the difficulty was obvious in forming the characters. Wrong characters of the same pronunciation and occasionally of the same form were substituted for the right. Only two patients were able to write sentences with grammatic mistakes. Conclusion The difficulty informing the characters was considered to be caused by the damage of the program memory to extract the strokes in a certain sequence and by a certain number while the writing and grammatic mistakes were very likely related to the defected semantic memory, a problem of the long term memory.