临床微生物培养不合格标本的特点及解决对策

目的分析临床微生物检验标本中不合格标本产生的原因及其解决措施,以便为临床提供更有价值的结果。方法统计该院2011年住院患者送检的微生物培养不合格标本的数量分布,并分析其中的原因。结果全年24006份微生物培养标本中,不合格标本数为311份,不合格率为1.3%。微生物室不合格标本的主要类型是痰液、尿液、大便等。不合格的原因,标本留取质量不合格(59.2%)、申请信息不全或错误(19.3%)、容器使用错误(6.1%)等。结论加强微生物检验分析前的质量控制,加强与临床的联系与及时沟通,针对不合格标本发生原因定期向临床医护人员进行宣传、培训,减少不合格标本的发生;使其认识到合格的标本是整个检验质量的保证。

The characteristic of unqualified specimens in clinical microbiology laboratory and its solution measures

Objective To analyze the causes of the unqualified specimens in clinical microbiological laboratory and its solution methods,so as to provide more valuable results for the physician.Methods The quantity and the distribution of unqualified microbiological specimens of hospitalized patients in 2011 were calculated and analyzed.Results The number of unqualified specimens was 311 among the 24 006 samples in the year of 2011,unqualified rate was 1.3%.The main types of unqualified specimens were sputum,urine and stool.The main reasons were inferior quality(59.2%),incomplete application or incorrect information(19.3%) and the wrong container(6.1%).Conclusion The preanalytical quality control should be strengthened in the microbiological laboratory.Timely discussion and communication should be made between the clinical workers(including physicians and nurses) and the microbiological laboratory staff.Microbiological laboratory technicians should train clinical medical workers to reduce the incidence of unqualified specimens on a regular basis,make them aware that qualified specimens was the basis of correct microbiological identification and drug sensitive tests.