2型糖尿病的遗传流行病学研究

目的 探讨遗传因素在2型糖尿病发生中的作用及其一般遗传模式。方法 对21个2型糖尿病先证者进行家系调查，应用Falconer同归法估算遗传度，Penrose’s法、Li-Mantel-Gait法及江三多的阈值模型理论估计2型糖尿病分离比、遗传模式等。结果 2型糖尿病先证者一级亲属患病率为7．6％，高于一般人群患病率；2型糖尿病遗传度为46．8％；Penrose’s法计算同胞患病率（s）/人群患病率（q）为3．312，接近1／q^1/2；简单分离分析结果显示，分离率P为0．131，低于0．25；阈值模型理论推算出2型糖尿病一级亲属的理论发病率为8．0％，实际发病率为7．6％。结论 2型糖尿病有明显遗传倾向，但不符合单基因遗传模式，具有多基因遗传特征。

Genetic Epidemiological Study on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To study the effect of the genetic factors on the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and its general genetic pattern.Methods 21 T2DM cases,as proband,were investigated for T2DM genealogical tree.The heritability of T2DM was estimated by Falconer method.T2DM segregation rate and genetic pattern were evaluated with Penrose's method,Li-Mantel-Gart method and the threshold value model method of Jiang San-Duo.Results The prevalent rate of T2DM in first-degree relatives was 7.6%,which was higher than that in general population.The heritability of T2DM was 46.8%.The s/q score was 3.312 with Penrose's method,which was near to 1/q1/2.The segregation rate P was 0.131,which was lower than 0.25.The theoretical prevalent rate in first relatives was 8.0%,while the investigated prevalent rate was 7.6%.Conclusion There is an obvious heritable trend in T2DM.It is fit to the multi-factorial inheritance pattern but the mono-gene heritability model.