病人血液暴露前传染病指标检测的临床意义

目的:了解病人血液暴露前的健康状况,探讨设置血液传染病指标相关项目常规检测的临床意义。 方法:采集病人及一般人群的血清运用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)及ALT速率法进行HBV标志物五项、抗- HCV、抗-HIV及ALT检测。结果:2614名手术前和预输血住院患者,血液传染病指标感染率为HBsAg15.2% (397/2614),抗HBc-IgG72.5%(1895/2614),抗-HCV3.91%(102/2614),抗-HIV0.08%(2/2614)ALT> 40U8.7%(227/2614)。与一般人群感染率相比均有显著性差异。结论:拟血液暴露的病人血液传染病感染 严重,把上述相关指标纳入常规检测项目,对院内感染的控制、医护人员加强自身防护及减少医疗纠纷均具有 重要的临床意义。

Clinical Significance of Detection of Serum Markers of Several Viral Infections in Hospitalized Patients Before Blood Exposure

Objective To expolore the desirability of setting a routine of test for detection of the serum markers of several viral infections hospitalized patients before anticipated blood exposure. Methods Serum levels of five HBV markers, anti-HCV, anti-HIV (with ELISA) and ALT were determined in 214 hospitalized patients before forthcoming blood exposure as well as in 2468 controls. Results The positive rate of each of the above-mentioned markers in the patients was: HBsAg 15.2% (397/2614), HBcAb-IgG 72.5% (1895/2614), anti-HCV 3.91% (102/2614), anti-HIV 0.08% (2/2614) and ALT level was above 40u in 8.7% of the patients (227/2614), Each of the positive rate was significantly higher than that in the controls. Conclusion There is a substantial portion of subjects harboring viral infections in the hospitalized patients. It is imperative to have these patients identified before blood exposure so that proper cautions can be taken and preventive measures implemented to minimize possible nosocomical as well as patients-to-staff infections. Moreover, any potential legal problems can also be appropriately dealt with.