精子核碱性蛋白转化与精子畸形及不明原因流产关系初探

本文探讨了精子核碱性蛋白转化与精子畸形及不明原因流产的关系。对８例有二次以上不明原因早期流产妇女的配偶（流产组）及１０个正常生育力的男性（对照组）作精子形态学检查，抽提精子核碱性蛋白，在酸－尿素聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（ａｃｉｄ－ｕｒｅａＰＡＧＥ）中电泳，测定组蛋白（Ｈ），中间型碱性蛋白（ＩＢＰ）及鱼精蛋白（ＨＰ１～３）各区带的相对含量，以（ＨＰ１～３）占总碱性蛋白（ＴＢＰ）的百分比表示碱性蛋白转化率。实验结果为：（１）碱性蛋白转化率与精子畸形率成直线负相关关系（ｒ＝－０．７５９Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）流产组精子核碱性蛋白转化率低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＩＢＰ／ＴＢＰ则高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示精子核碱性蛋白转化障碍致中间型碱性蛋白（ＩＢＰ）及组蛋白（Ｈ）在精子染色质中残留过多，是引起精子头部畸形的原因之一，且与不明原因流产有关。

Relation of Nuclear Basic Protein Transformation of Human Sperm to Sperm Teratogenesis and Unexplained Abortion

Relation of nuclear basic protein transformation of human sperm to sperm teratogenesis and unexplained abortion was discussed in this article. Semens of 8 men whose wives suffered from unexplained abortion (abortion group) and 10 fertile donors (control group) were subjected to conventional examination and morphological analysis, and then nuclear basic proteins were extracted. The relative proportion of histones (H), intermediate basic proteins (IBP) and protamines (HP1￣3) bands to total basic proteins (TBP) was determined by microdensity scanning following electrophoresis in 10～22. 5 % gradient acid-urea PAGE. The result showed that: (1)The rate of nuclear basic protein transformation was negatively correlated with the morphological abnormality of sperm (r=-0. 759 P<0. 01 ) ; (2) The rate of nuclear basic protein transformation (HP1￣3/TBP) in abortion group was lower while IBP/TBP was higher than that in control group (P<0. 05 ). It suggests that hampered transformation of sperm nuclear basic proteins,which caused H and IBP excessively to remain in chromatin, is partially responsible for sperm teratogenesis, additionally, it may be a possible factor for unexplained abortion.