小儿体外循环心内直视术后非计划性拔管的护理

本文通过对小儿体外循环心内直视术后早期非计划性拔管的原因分析及护理实践，总结引起非计划拔管的原因及有针对性、有良好治疗效果和预防作用的护理措施。认为：患儿不合作自行拔管、喉痉挛、痰痂阻塞、无充气套囊或充气套囊破裂是致非计划拔管的主要原因。提出：对小儿体外循环心内直视手术，需做好术前教育和术后心理护理，必要时合理使用镇静剂。吸痰时操作要正规。注意气道的雾化和湿化，保持呼吸道通畅。固定好气管插管及充气套囊，防止气管插管自行脱出等一系列治疗和护理措施，防止术后并发症的发生，保持呼吸和循环的稳定．使患儿顺利渡过手术后期，早日恢复健康。

No Planning Extubation Nursing after Intracardiac Surgery Extracorporeal Circulation in Pediatric Patients

To investigate the care and preventive measures of no planning extubation after intracardiac surgery extracorporeal circulation in pediatric patients. Through analyzing the causes and nursing of non-planning extubation, The main causes were decannulation themselves, laryngospasm, blocking with sputum, non-aerated capsula or aerated capsula injuring. Preoperative education and postoperative psychological care are important to tolerate tracheal intubation; Normal absorption sputum and tracheal mist are useful to keep the tracheal going; Tacheal intubation is fixed well so as not to be dropped out.