孕妇产前超声筛查知识知晓情况调查

目的了解卫生部北京医院初次建立档案孕妇对产前超声筛查知识知晓情况,分析知晓情况差异的影响因素,了解孕妇对产前超声筛查知识获取途径及需求。方法采用随机抽样的方法,运用自制统一设计的调查问卷对卫生部北京医院初建档孕妇111人进行产前超声筛查知识调查与分析。结果 12道知识题均回答正确的人数为0;12个方面产前超声筛查知识的总知晓率为42.87%,12道问题知晓率位于前3位的依次为:超声能否看清胎儿唇裂,超声对胎儿是否有影响,超声能否查到胎儿智力问题。不同职业孕妇对12道问题回答正确率在5.00%～100.00%之间,其中超声能否看清胎儿容貌(χ2=3.1434,P=0.208)、能否看清胎儿单纯腭裂(P=0.110)及孕妇过多食用酸性食物是否致畸(χ2=0.4523,P=0.798)3道问题间无统计学差异,其他产前超声筛查知识知晓率均有统计学差异(P0.05)。不同学历孕妇知识点回答正确率差别不大,其中超声能否看清胎儿唇裂(χ2=10.8069,P=0.001)及超声对胎儿是否有影响(χ2=4.6944,P=0.030)存在统计学差异(P0.05)。结论孕妇对产前超声筛查知识知晓率低,不同职业孕妇相关知识了解差异大,医院及相关部门应根据不同孕妇接受能力,适宜地加强该人群的产前超声筛查知识教育。

Survey on awareness of prenatal ultrasound scans among pregnant women

Objective To explore awareness of prenatal ultrasound scans among pregnant women and its influencing factors.Methods Random sampling was used to recruit 111 pregnant women whose records were established at Ministry Beijing hospital for the first time.A self-designed questionnaire was developed.Results None answered all the twelve knowledge questions correctly.The overall awareness rate was 42.87%.The three highest understood items were ＂Can ultrasound check out cleft lip？＂ ＂Does ultrasound result in any harm to fetus？＂ ＂Can ultrasound lead to hypophrenia？＂ Pregnant women with different occupations differed in awareness rate,ranging from 5.00% to 100.00%.No statistical difference was found in answering the following two items,＂Can ultrasound identify fetal pure cleft palate＂（P=0.110）,and ＂Can pregnant women eat too much acid food incur fetal malformation＂（χ^2=0.4523,P=0.798）.There were significant difference in other topics in different career gravida（P〈0.05）.Education level was not found to be a key factor,only showing influence in answering these two items,＂Can ultrasound identify fetal pure cleft palate＂（χ^2=10.8069,P=0.001）,and ＂Can ultrasound do any harm to fetus＂.Conclusion The rate of prenatal ultrasound scans among pregnant women was low.There was significant difference in pregnant women with different careers on awareness rate.Relevant hospital departments should enhance the knowledge dissemination with consideration for pregnant women＇s capacity.