初级眼保健网络与防盲治盲工作方法的探讨

目的 探讨初级眼保健网络与防盲治盲工作的方法。方法 收集并回顾性分析南通市10年初级眼保健网络建设与防盲治盲工作资料。结果 10年建立了5级眼保健网络,举办各级培训班1007期,对6817259例人群进行了致盲眼病的调查,发现双眼盲13496例（0.20%）,并为83.16%的可治白内障盲患者做复明手术,脱盲率为98.22%。所辖的8个县均被评为全国防盲先进县。1997年南通市成为全国第一个防盲先进市。结论 初级眼保健是防盲工作的基础。结合初级卫生保健开展初级眼保健是切实可行的途径。复明手术经费的解决、质量的保证、查治结合是防盲治盲工作的关键。创建防盲先进县、市是开展防盲治盲工作的动力。

Inquiries about methods of primary eye care and prevention of blindness

Objective To inquire about the methods of developing primary eye care (PEC) and prevention of blindness. Methods The methods of developing PEC and prevention of blindness in recent 10 years were analyzed retrospectively. Results Five grades of PEC network were established. The training courses 1 007 times were held in Nantong, and the epidemiological survey of the blind was carried out for 6 817 259 people. The blind persons were 13 496 in number, and the prevalence of blindness was 0 20%. Cataract operations were performed on 83 16% of the treatable cataract blind persons. The successful rate of cataract surgery was 98 22%. Eight counties became the national advanced counties of prevention of blindness. Nantong city became the first national advanced city of prevention of blindness in 1997. Conclusions PEC is the basis of prevention of blindness. To bring PEC into line with the primary health care (PHC) is the key point of developing PEC. Affordable operation, promising quality of the operative procedure and combination of survey and treatment are the three essential factors of developing PEC and prevention of blindness. To create national advanced county and city is the motive force of developing prevention of blindness.