德阳市儿童道路交通伤流行病学特点和预防措施

目的：探讨德阳市儿童道路交通伤流行病学特征,提高患儿道路交通伤救治水平和防范措施。方法：回顾分析德阳市人民医院自2010-01-2011-12收治的2498例儿童道路交通伤致伤原因及临床特点。结果：2498例儿童道路交通伤最易发生年龄段在〉4-9岁（54.28%）,明显高于其他年龄段（P〈0.05）。儿童道路交通伤以轻伤为主,擦挫伤为主要类型。汽车和摩托车是最主要肇事车辆和导致死亡的肇事车辆,主要的致死原因为颅脑损伤和腹部损伤。道路交通伤害主要发生在市区,发生时间主要在交通拥堵的上、下班时段。结论：德阳市儿童道路交通伤害有其自身的流行病学特点,倡导文明驾驶,完善道路交通公共设施建设,开展针对儿童道路交通事故防范的宣传教育,改进急救体系和服务模式等社会多方面的共同协作,将能有效的减少儿童道路交通伤害的发生。

Clinical epidemiological characteristics and preventions of children road traffic injuries

Objective： To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of children road traffic injuries to provide basis to improve the treatments and preventions of the children road traffic injury. Method： 2 498 children cases admitted from January 2010 to December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively and the clinical epidemiological characteristics and the reasons to cause the traffic injuries were discussed. Result： There were 2 498 children patients were analyzed at age of 4, 49, 914 years,the highest incidence rate of childhood road traffic injuries was at age of 49 years than the other age groups（ P 0. 05）,accounting for 54. 28%. The slight wound and soft tissue contusion were the main injury kinds. the cars and motorcycles were the most vehicles to cause accidents and death,and the craniocerebral trauma and abdominal trauma were the major death reasons. These injury happened mostly in the urban area and the rush hours. Conclusion： There was special clinical epidemiological characteristics of children road traffic injuries,and encouraging people to drive safely and courteously,improving road traffic infrastructure construction,strengthening the care and safety education against traffic accidents to the children,improving the emergency systems and services,and the participating of the whole society are very important measures to reduce the incidence of childhood road traffic injuries.