多发性骨髓瘤免疫球蛋白M蛋白测定的结果分析

目的对63例多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的血清免疫固定电泳及血清免疫球蛋白M蛋白的测定结果进行回顾性分析,探讨M蛋白检测在MM诊断中的应用。方法对63例年龄大于或等于50岁居多（55例）,50岁以下较少（8例）,男性略多于女性（41∶22）]确诊为MM的患者进行免疫固定电泳、血清蛋白电泳和免疫球蛋白定量测定,并对结果进行分析比较。结果 IgG类患者所占比例最高（68.3%,43/63）,游离轻链型MM最低（9.5%,6/63）;无论是κ型还是λ型M蛋白,κ/λ值均显著异常。各种免疫学指标检测M蛋白阳性率,血清κ/λ最高（84.1%,53/63）,血清免疫球蛋白定量最低（39.7%,25/63）。结论血清免疫球蛋白M蛋白分类及分型可为临床MM的诊断和治疗提供重要依据。

Results analysis of IgM protein detection of multiple myeloma

Objective To retrospectively analyze the detection results of serum immunofixation electrophoresis（IFE） and serum immunoglobulin M of 63 patients with multiple myeloma（MM）,and investigate the application of M protein in the diagnosis of MM. Methods A total of 63 patients diagnosed with MM,including 50 cases with the age of 55 years or older and 8 cases with the age less than 50 years and the proportion of male to female was 41 ∶22,were selected to conduct IFE,serum protein electrophoresis and quantitative determination of immunoglobulin. The results were analyzed and compared. Results The patients with IgG had the highest proportion accounting for 68.3%（43/63）,and the free light chain MM was the lowest accounting for 9.5%（6/63）. Whatever κ-type M protein or λ-type M protein,the ratio of κ/λ was significantly abnormal. The positive rate of M protein was highest by serum κ/λ accounting for 84.1%（53/63）,while lowest by serum immunoglobulin quantitative minimum accounting for 39.7%（25/63）. Conclusion Classifications and types of M protein provide valuable basis for the diagnosis and treatment of MM clinically.