人体颈部和腰部脊柱节段压缩生物力学性能研究

目的 获得颈部脊柱节段和腰部脊柱节段的生物力学参数,为力学环境中人体脊柱安全性评价及防护系统的设计提供依据.方法 分别对6例人体颈部脊柱节段和4例腰部脊柱节段进行压缩力学实验,获得整体节段的压力和变形关系曲线,通过分析得出整体节段的屈服压力、屈服变形和刚度等生物力学参数.结果 颈椎节段的平均屈服压力为2 267 N,平均屈服变形为12.6 mm,平均刚度系数为303.07 N/mm;腰椎节段的平均屈服压力为5 276 N,平均屈服变形为13.25 mm,平均刚度系数为633.52 N/mm.结论 腰部脊柱节段发生屈服破坏时的平均压力达到颈部脊柱节段的2倍以上,而平均屈服变形相当.

Study of Biomechanical Properties of Human Cervical and Lumbar Vertebral Segments

Objective To obtain the biomechanical parameters of cervical and lumbar vertebral segments and to provide useful information for the evaluation of human spine safety in mechanical environments and protection design. Methods Compressive tests were conducted on 6 human cervical vertebral segments and 4 human lumbar vertebral segments using MTS, and the curves of compressive load versus deflection were obtained. On the basis of analysis, yield compressive load, yield deflection and stiffness were presented. Results For cervical vertebral segments, the mean yield compressive load, yield deflection and stiffness were 2 267 N, 12.6 mm and 303.07 N/mm respectively. For lumbar vertebral segments, the mean yield compressive load, yield deflection and stiffness were 5 276 N, 13.25 mm and 633.52 N/mm respectively. Conclusion The mean yield compressive load for lumbar vertebral segment is more than twice that of cervical vertebral segment, but their mean yield deflections are almost equal.