血液透析患者医院感染调查分析

目的：探讨血液透析患者的医院感染（NI）特点及其预防控制措施。方法：对本院从1998年1月至2000年12月开始血液透析的患者179例进行回顾性调查。结果：医院感染发生率为15．1％，其中呼吸道感染占55．6％，皮肤软组织感染占14．8％，胃肠道及泌尿道感染各占11．1％。医院感染潜在危险因素为患者严重基础疾病如糖尿病、年龄、侵袭性治疗操作、输血和透析时间等因素，其中多次输血是血透患者高丙型肝炎病毒感染的主要原因。医院感染的主要病原菌为大肠埃希氏菌。结论：血液净化中心应该作为NI监控的重点。加强对血液透析患者医院感染监控管理。

Nosocomial Infection in A Hospital: Survey of Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and control method of nosocomial infection(NI) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital.Methods: Data of 191 in-patients undergoing hemodialysis in our hospital between Jan 1998 and Dec 2000 were analyzed retrospectively.Results: incidence rate of NI was 15.1%,including infection of respiratory tract(55.6% of NI cases),skin and soft tissues(14.8%),GI tract and urinary tract(11.1%).The potential risk factors were shown to be concurrent morbidities,age,invasive operations,blood transfusion and duration of hemodialysis.In particular,repeated blood transfusion was responsible for the increased risk of HCV infection in the patients.The prevalent pathogen of NI was Escherichia coli. Conclusions:hemodialysis units should be strictly monitored and controlled for NI.