丹东市人感染新型布尼亚病毒病例流行病学分析

目的分析人感染新型布尼亚病毒病的临床特点和流行病学特征,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用统一的诊断标准和流行病学个案调查表对病例进行调查。结果2010—2012年丹东市报告人感染新型布尼亚病毒病确诊病例52例,年平均发病率2.16/10万,病死率为7.69％。临床表现主要为发热(100%)、全身酸痛(82.7%)、头痛(75.0%)、乏力(71.2％)、恶心(76.9%);血常规检查有血小板计数(98.1%)和白细胞计数减少(92.3％);71.2%病例开始表现为感冒症状;病例多来自山区和丘陵地区农村,以男性、中老年、农民为主,发病时间6—10月;48.1%病例发病前有明确的蜱叮咬史,1例二代病例与首例病例为兄妹关系,有血液接触史。结论人感染新型布尼亚病毒病例发病初期临床症状多为感冒且症状不典型,发病有明显地域特征,散发病例多见,动物及媒介蜱在新型布尼亚病毒传染给人的过程中起着重要作用,但不排除人与人传播可能。

Clinical characteristics and epidemiology of novel bunyavirus human infection cases in Dandong city,2010-2012

Objective To analyze the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of human infection of novel bunyavirus and to provide evidences for making prevention and control measures.Methods Case study was conducted with uniform diagnostic criteria and questionnaire survey.Results From 2010 to 2012,a total of 52 cases of novel bunyavirus infection were confirmed in Dandong city,with an average annual incidence rate of 2.16/100 000 and a fatality rate of 7.69%.The main clinical manifestations of the cases were fever(100%),body pain(82.7%),headache(75%),fatigue(71.2%),and nausea(76.9%).The blood examinations showed a reduced platelet counts(98.1%)and a decreased white blood cell count(92.3%).Of the cases 71.2% showed symptoms of a cold.A great number of cases came from the mountainous and hilly areas and the majority of the cases were male,elderly persons,farmers,with the onset time from June to October.A clear history of tick bite before the onset was reported by 48.1% of the cases.A secondary case was the sister of a confirmed male case and had a hsitory of blood contact.ConclusionThe initial clinical symptoms of novel bunyarirus infection are cold and atypical symptoms and the incidence of the infection presents obvious geographical characteristics,with sporadic cases.Animal and tick vector play an important role in human bunyavirus infection but human to human transmission of the virus could not be ruled out.