动静脉鞘膜切开术治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞的初步报告

目的
观察动静脉鞘膜切开术（arteriovenous sheathotomy）治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion, BRVO)的临床疗效。
方法
分析6例BRVO患者经行睫状体平坦部玻璃体切割、玻璃体后皮质剥离、BRVO部位的动静脉鞘膜切开、动静脉分离等治疗的6只患眼术中所见以及随访3～12个月的视力、眼底彩色照相、荧光素眼底血管造影（fundus fluorescein angiography, FFA）、光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography, OCT）、多焦视网膜电图（multifocal electroretinography，mERG）等检查的临床资料。
结果
手术中，切开动静脉鞘膜、分离动静脉时，均见近段静脉充盈增加。 随访期间内，5例患者的视力显著提高（最佳矫正视力为1.5），眼底彩色照相、FFA检查发现视网膜出血明显吸收，血管变直，荧光素渗漏减少，但有3例患者手术后3个月在鞘膜切开部位的远段FFA检查可见大片毛细血管闭塞区；OCT检查显示黄斑水肿较手术前大大减轻或消除；mERG检查显示黄斑区反应振幅明显高于手术前。1例患者因反复玻璃体积血而再次手术。
结论
动静脉鞘膜切开术治疗BRVO能提高患者视力，改善静脉回流，减轻黄斑水肿，但手术后
视网膜毛细血管的无灌注区的改善却不明显。(中华眼底病杂志，2002，18：6-9)

Preliminary report of arteriovenous sheathotomy for treatment of branch retinal vein occlusion

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of arteriovenous sheathotomy on treatment of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods
Six consecutive patients (6 eyes) with BRVO underwent par plana vitrectomy, po
sterios vitreous cortex separation, arteriovenous sheathotomy for BRVO. The foll
ow up period was within 3～12 months. Postoperative examinations included color fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), optical coherence tomography(OCT) and multifocal electroretinography (mERG).

Results
Increasing downstream blood flow in proximal past of compressed venule was promptly observed during the procedures of incision of the advential sheath of blood vessel, and separating and elevating the ateriole from the venule in all the operations in this series. Visual acuities improved postoperatively in 5 patients, and the best corrected visual acuity was 1.5. The examination of FFA showed obvious absorption of retinal hemorrhage, and leakage of dye was reduced, while large areas of capillary closure in retinas distal to the sheathotomy site were found 3 months after operation in 3 patients. OCT revealed disappearance or lightening of macular edema. mERG showed that the response amplitude of retina including the macular area was obviously higher after the operation. There was recurrent vitreous hemorrhage necessitating further surgery in one patient.

Conclusion
The operation of arteriovenous sheathotomy for the treatment of BRVO is much beneficial to improve patient′s visual acuity, downstream blood flow and macular affections, although the improvement of retinal reperfusion of the retina is not obvious.

(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2002,18:6-9)