乌鲁木齐市汉族老年人糖代谢异常的流行病学调查

目的 调查乌鲁木齐市60岁以上老年汉族居民糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率以及分布特点.方法 对乌鲁木齐市2个社区的居民进行查体及75 g葡萄糖耐量试验,共调查2210例,其中60岁以上老年人(老年组)为1231例,40～59岁中年人(中年组)951例.糖尿病诊断标准采用1999年WHO标准.结果 老年组糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率分别为32.2%、29.0%,标化后分别为25.6%、23.1%;较中年组患病率高(分别为12.3%、20.9%),差异有统计学意义(x2=192.62,P＜0.05);老年组糖耐量受损(IGT)患病率(21.6%)高于中年组(13.9%),差异有统计学意义(x2=20.97,P＜0.05);单IFG患病率在老年组与中年组间差异无统计学意义;老年组代谢综合征患病率为52.2%,高于中年组(33.7%),差异有统计学意义(x2=73.77,P＜0.05).回归分析结果显示,糖尿病家族史、高血压、高甘油三酯血症是老年人糖尿病发生的危险因素(x2=44.34,P＜0.05).结论 老年汉族人群糖尿病、IGT及代谢综合征的患病率均高于中年人群,必须重点采取干预措施.

Epidemiological study on present situation and influencing factors for abnormal glycometabolism in elderly Han population in Urumqi

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus in Han population aged over 60 years in Urumqi. Methods The physical examination and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed in 2210 people, including 1231 elderly people aged over 60 years (old age group) and 951 people aged 40-59 years (middle age group). The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was established according to WHO criteria in 1999. Results In Han ethnic people, the prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes were 32.2% and 29.0% respectively in old age group, and were significantly higher than in middle age group ( 12.3% and 20.9%,x2= 192.62, P＜0.05). The prevalence rates of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were higher in old age group than in middle age people (21.6% vs. 13.9%, x2 = 20.97, P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) between the two groups. The prevalence rate of metabolism syndrome (MS) was higher in old age group than in middle age group (52.2% vs. 33.7%, x2 =73.77, P＜0.05). The multivariable analysis showed that hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, family history of diabetes mellitus were risk factors for development of diabetes mellitus in elderly Han population (x2 =44.34, P＜0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rates of diabetes and pre-diabetes are considerably high in the current state. It should be strengthened to prevent and treat diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in Urumqi Han population,especially in residents aged over 60 years.