Detection of bloodstream pathogens in a bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated pediatric population in Malawi: a pilot study |
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| Authors: | L K Archibald O Nwanyanwu P N Kazembe C Mwansambo M Bell H Dobbie L B Reller W R Jarvis |
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| Institution: | CDC Mailstop A-35, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA,;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA,;United States Agency for International Development, Lilongwe, Malawi;, Lilongwe Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi and;Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;Tel: +1 404 639 6443;Fax: +1 404 639 2647E-mail: |
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| Abstract: | Children in Malawi receive bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination within the first 3 days of life. Thus, we hypothesized that Malawian children infected with the human immunodeficiency type 1 virus (HIV-1) might be particularly vulnerable to dissemination of the BCG Mycobacterium bovis strain with which they were vaccinated. Following informed consent by parents, we studied children admitted to a Malawi general hospital during the 1998 wet and dry seasons. Blood from cohorts of acutely ill children was cultured for bacteria, including mycobacteria, and fungi, and tested for anti-HIV-1 antibodies. It was shown that non- typhi Salmonella and Escherichia coli were the predominant bloodstream pathogens during the wet and dry seasons, and that bloodstream dissemination of the BCG M. bovis strain is uncommon in HIV-1-infected children who receive the BCG vaccine. |
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| Keywords: | Bloodstream infections blood cultures pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disseminated BCG Malawi |
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