扩张后皮肤软组织收缩机理的实验研究

目的 研究扩张后皮肤软组织的收缩机理。方法 用白色小家猪制作皮肤扩张动物模型，扩张后采集组织标本，作组织收缩率测量和病理学观察。结果 真皮和纤维包膜是导致收缩率增加的主要部位。扩张后皮肤软组织中弹力纤维、肌成纤维细胞增生，肌上皮细胞和血管内皮细胞内平滑肌肌动蛋白明显增加。结论 弹力纤维、肌成纤维细胞、多种细胞内平滑肌肌动蛋白增加是引起组织收缩特性增强的主要原因。结果提示，扩张后皮瓣保持一定张力有利于对抗组织回缩。

Investigation on contraction mechanism of expanded tissue

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contraction mechanism of expanded tissue. METHODS: White domestic pigs were employed to establish tissue expansion model. Tissue samples were taken after expansion for contraction measurements and histopathological observation. RESULTS: Dermis and capsule were the main positions of contraction. In the dermal layer, elastic fibers and myofibroblasts proliferated greatly and alpha-Actin enhanced in the myoepidermal cells and capillary endothelial cells during expansion. In the capsule, the direction of elastic and collagen fibers arranged crossly and formed into special contractible structure. CONCLUSION: Elastic fibers, myofibroblasts and alpha-Actin enhancement of cells were the substantial materials of tissue contracture increases. The results suggest that suitable tension must be applied into expanded flaps for anti-contraction.