短臂离心机不同转速暴露时躯体重力错觉及前庭自主神经反应对比

目的观察短臂离心机不同转速暴露时躯体重力错觉诱发效果及前庭自主神经反应情况,寻求短臂离心机用于地面模拟训练的适合转速。方法在SAC-Ⅲ型短臂离心机不同转速下,对105名健康歼击机飞行员进行躯体重力错觉模拟,对比错觉诱发情况及前庭自主神经反应情况。结果短臂离心机启动加速、匀速运行及制动减速阶段可分别诱发出前倾扭转错觉、前倾错觉及后倾错觉等躯体重力错觉,3种转速下各躯体重力错觉形态表现相同,但错觉强度随离心机转速加快而增强。37 r/min暴露时,各错觉诱发率均大于30 r/min和21 r/min暴露时的诱发率(P0.01);30 r/min和21 r/min暴露时,各错觉诱发率差异均无统计学意义P0.05)。3种转速下前庭自主神经反应评分分值随转速增加有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 37 r/min短臂离心机暴露时躯体重力错觉的诱发率高,且前庭自主神经反应较轻,此转速用于飞行人员躯体重力错觉的地面模拟训练较为适合。

Comparison of Somatogravic Illusions and Vestibular Autonomic Reaction Induced with Short Arm Centrifuge Exposure with Various Speeds

Objective To observe the effects and characteristics of somatogravic illusions and vestibular autonomic reaction induced by short arm centrifuge exposure,and to define the appropriate speed of short arm centrifuge for somatogravic illusion simulation training on the ground.Methods One hundred and five healthy pilots performed somatogravic illusion by SAC-Ⅲ short arm centrifuge with various speeds.And somatogravic illusions and vestibular autonomic reaction were compared.Results The somatogravic illusions,including forward torsion illusion,forward illusion and backward illusion,can be induced when the short arm centrifuge were acceleration of starting,uniform motion and deceleration of braking.And the expressions and characteristics of the somatogravic illusions were approximately the same,while the illusion strength was enhanced with the speed increase.The illusion induced rate of 37 r/min exposure was enhanced than the induced rates of 30r/min and 21 r/min exposure (P ＜0.01).And when 30 r/min and 21 r/min exposure,the illusion induced rates showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The scores of vestibular autonomic reaction under three kinds of speed increased with the speed increase,but there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions When the speed of centrifuge was 37 r/min,the induced rate of the somatogravic illusions was higher and the vestibular autonomic reaction was mild.Therefore,the 37 r/min exposure of short arm centrifuge was more appropriate for pilot somatogravic illusion simulation training on the ground.