荜澄茄的利胆溶石和镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究

目的：研究荜澄茄治疗胆石症、胆囊炎、胆管炎的新适应证。方法：行大鼠胆管插管手术，引流胆汁，测量胆汁流量和胆汁成分；用致石饲料致小鼠胆石形成模型，评价荜澄茄抑制胆石形成的作用；用人胆石体外试验荜澄茄的溶石作用；用常规的疼痛模型和炎症模型，观察荜澄茄的镇痛抗炎作用。结果：荜澄茄的水提物、醚提物、醇提物都有促进大鼠胆汁分泌的作用，并反复给予其提取物仍有显著和持续地促进大鼠胆汁的分泌作用；在利胆的同时降低胆汁中的总胆固醇、胆红素、黏液的含量，喂饲其生药粉末还可抑制小鼠胆囊结石的形成；体外实验其醚提物可溶解人混合型胆石；将其给小鼠灌胃有镇痛抗炎的作用。结论：荜澄茄具有促进低含量胆固醇、胆红素和黏蛋白胆汁分泌以及具有抑制胆石形成和溶解胆石的作用；因此，患胆囊炎、胆管炎和胆石症的患者可望成为草澄茄制剂治疗的新适应证，而其镇痛抗炎作用及其广谱抗菌作用将有助于消除胆道炎症和症状。

Experimental Studies on Choleresis, Litholysis, Analgesia and Anti-inflammation of Litseae Fructus

Objective： To study new indications ofLitseae Fructus for choletithiasis, cholecystitis and cholangeitis. Methods： The bile of rat is drained by biliary duct cannula to examine bile flow and bile constituents. By the model of lithogenesis in cholecyst of mice with lithogenous feed, the effect of Litseae Fructus on lithogenesis is evaluated. The litholytic effect of Litseae Fructus is evaluated in human gallstones in vitro. With routine pain model and inflammatory model, the analgesia and anti-inflammtion ofLitseae Fructus are observed. Results： Water, ether or alcohol extract of Lit- seae Fructus have choleretic action in rats. The repeated dosage ofLitseae Fructus still has significant and continued cho- leresis in rats. Simultaneousness in choleresis Litseae Fructus decreases the contents of cholesterol, bilirubin and mucus in bile. The powder of Litseae Fructus by feeding inhibits the formation of gallstones in cholecyst of mice. Its ether ex- tract resolves human mixed gallstones in vitro. Litseae Fructus by gastrogavage has analgesia and anti-inflammation in mouse. Conclusion： Litseae Fructus has the effects of potent and continued choleresis with low contents of bilirubin, cholesterol and mucin in bile, and inhibition in the formation of gallstones, and litholytic effect, so that the treatment for cholecystitis, cholangeitis and cholelithiasis may become new indications of Litseae Fructus. Analgesia, anti-inflamma- tion and broad spectrum antimicrobial action ofLitseae Fructus are contributive to eliminate the inflammation and symptoms ofbiliary tract.