面神经隐窝进路的相关解剖研究

目的：对面神经隐窝进路涉及解剖区域的相关显微解剖和影像学解剖的研究进展进行综述。方法：选用近几年关键词为“面神经”、“颞骨”及“后鼓室”的文章进行分析和总结。结果：其解剖结构复杂精细，涉及面神经乳突段、鼓索神经、砧骨窝之间的解剖区域。一些重要解剖结构的位置相对恒定，如锥隆起、圆窗龛、圆窗、前庭窗、镫骨、砧骨短脚、匙突、面神经鼓室段、水平半规管凸、后半规管凸等，可以作为手术的参考标记。结论：面神经隐窝进路在现代耳显微外科中有重要地位，熟悉其解剖关系，可以指导临床手术，避免损伤。

Applied Anatomy of Facial Recess Approach

Objective：To review the research progress of the related microdissection through facial re-cess approach and the imaging anatomy of temporal bone .Methods：To consult some articles with key words of facial nerve、temporal bone and posterior tympanum , then to summarize and analyze the obtained information . Results：The related anatomic structures were complicated , involving in the anatomic region among mastoid seg-ment of facial nerve , chorda tympani nerve and incudal fossa .The position of some anatomic structures was rel-atively constant and these structures could be used as the reference marks for otologic microsurgery , such as py-ramidal eminence, round window niche, round window, vestibular window, stapes, short crus of incus, cochle-ariform process, tympanic segment of facial nerve , lateral semicircular canal , posterior semicircular canal , etc. Conclusions：The facial recess approach plays an important role in modern otologic microsurgery , being familiar with the anatomic relationship can guide the clinical operation and avoid injury .