西藏那曲地区年龄相关性白内障的流行病学调查

目的调查西藏那曲地区50岁及以上人群年龄相关性白内障的患病率及白内障手术覆盖率。方法调查研究。采用随机整群抽样的方法，选取西藏那曲地区11个县50岁及以上人群进行问卷调查，并进行视力和眼部检查，以了解该人群接受白内障手术的情况。采用卡方趋势检验分析白内障患病率与年龄、性别的关系。结果应检人群1 760例，受检1 603例，应答率为91.08%。50岁及以上人群年龄相关性白内障患病率为46.48%，随着年龄的增大患病率显著提高（χ²=298.195，P＜0.01），女性白内障患病率略高于男性，但差异无统计学意义（χ²=3.598，P＞0.05），白内障手术覆盖率为23.00%。结论西藏那曲地区50岁及以上人群年龄相关性白内障患病率较高，而白内障手术覆盖率偏低，防盲治盲任务任重而道远。

Epidemiological survey of age-related cataract in the Nagqu Prefecture of Tibet

Objective To investigate the prevalence of age-related cataract and the treatment rate among adults aged 50 years or older in the Nagqu Prefecture of Tibet.Methods Cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting individuals aged 50 years or older in 11 counties in the Nagqu Prefecture of Tibet.The participants received a questionnaire,a visual acuity test and a clinical ocular examination.The status of the cataract surgery was also evaluated.The relationship between the prevalence of age-related cataract and age was analyzed with a chi-square test.The relationship between the prevalence of age-related cataract and gender was also analyzed with a chi-square test.Results 1 760 people were eligible for the examination but only 1 603 people were examined.The response rate was 91.08％.The prevalence of age-related cataract among adults aged 50 years or older in the Nagqu Prefecture of Tibet was 46.48％.Prevalence significantly increased with age (x2=298.195,P＜0.01).Prevalence was higher in women than men,but the difference was not statistically significant (x2=3.598,P＞0.05).The treatment rate was 23.00％.Conclusion The prevalence of age-related cataract among adults aged 50 years or older in the Nagqu Prefecture of Tibet was much higher than in other areas of China.By contrast,the percentage of those treated was much lower.Cataract is a serious public health problem in Tibet.