小度数间歇性外斜视遮盖治疗效果观察

目的　观察小度数间歇性外斜视行遮盖治疗的临床效果。方法　２０１２年８月至２０１５年９月因各种原因未能手术或不适合手术的小度数间歇性外斜视患者８８例，随机分为研究组（Ａ组）和对照组（Ｂ组），各４４例。Ａ组行遮盖治疗，Ｂ组未采取任何治疗，随访观察两组的眼位变化、单眼抑制、立体视等情况。结果　治疗后１个月、３个月、６个月、１ａ、２ａ，Ａ组的斜视度（三棱镜＋马氏杆＋遮盖）均高于Ｂ组，差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）；２ａ后，两组的斜视度相近，差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。Ａ组中有１例发生复视，Ｂ组中有２例发生复视，差异无统计学意义（χ２＝２．０１，Ｐ＞０．０５）；Ａ组中出现单眼抑制、立体视下降患者分别为２例、２例，Ｂ组分别为４例、４例，差异均有统计学意义（χ２＝１．９７、１．９７，均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　小度数间歇性外斜视行遮盖治疗较保守观察治疗对患者更为有利，是一种积极的治疗方法。

Occlusion therapy for small degree intermittent exotropia

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of occlusion therapy for small degree intermittent exotropia. Methods A total of 88 patients with small degree intermittent exotropia were collected during August 2012 and September 2015. The patients were divided into the study group ( group A) and control group ( group B) ,44 cases in each group. The occlusion therapy was performed in group A, no treatment was given in group B. The eye position, monocular suppression and stereoscopic were observed in two groups. Results The exotropic degree at I month ,3 months ,6 months. I year,2 years after occlusion in group A were higher than that in group B. three were statistical differences ( all P < 0. 05 ) . and there was no statistical difference until 3 years between two groups(P > 0. 05) . The diplopia appeared in I case of group A and 2 cases of group B (X2 = 2. 01 .P > 0. 05 ) . The monocular suppression and stereoscopic decrease appeared in 2 cases.2 cases of group A, and 4 cases.4 cases of group B (Xz = 1. 97 , 1. 97 ; all P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion The occlusion therapy for small degree intermittent exotropia can achieve better efficacy than the conservative treatment.