北京市东城区公共场所军团菌危险因素与预防控制

目的通过对公共场所中央空调系统和淋浴系统的规模、消毒和清洁措施的现状进行调查评估,了解军团菌存在规律,提出高效可行的控制措施,降低军团菌病暴发流行的风险。方法采用问卷调查和访谈方式,收集公共场所中央空调和淋浴系统现状信息,并采集标本进行军团菌监测,对现状信息和监测结果进行综合分析。结果冷却水军团菌检出率11.30%,淋浴系统军团菌检出率6.57%,总检出率8.39%。结论中央空调系统和淋浴系统应进一步规范化管理,加强监测和效果评价。

Risk factors and prevention and control for Legionella pneumophila contamination in public places of Dongcheng District, Beijing

Objective To find rules of contamination with Legionella pneumophila in public places of Dongcheng District,and put forward effective and feasible measures to control and reduce risk of outbreak of Legionnaires disease. Methods Current information of use,disinfection and cleaning of central airconditioning systems and shower systems in public places of Dongcheng District were collected through questionnaires and interviews,water specimens were collected from central air-conditioning cooling tower and shower systems for Legionella pneumophila examinations. All the information were analyzed comprehensively. Results Most central air-conditioning systems investigated have been used for years,running 165 days per year and 83. 8 percent with opening cooling tower,and 78. 6 percent of shower systems were used more than six years,without cleaning or disinfection,or only with partially cleaned or disinfected in a lower frequency. Legionella pneumophila could be detected from 8. 39 percent of the water specimens overall,11. 3 percent from cooling water specimens of central air-conditioning systems and 6. 57 percent from shower systems. Legionella pneumophila could be detected from 15 percent of cooling water at fivestar hotels and 10. 9 percent of shower systems at hospitals. Conclusion Central air-conditioning systems and shower systems are popular at hotels and hospitals in Dongcheng District,and most of them have been used for years without cleaning, disinfection or only with partially cleaned and disinfected in a lower frequency. It is suggested that management of central sirconditioning system and shower system should be strengthened in a standardized way,and their monitoring and evaluation for effectiveness should be strengthened further.