北京市朝阳区突发公共卫生事件应急管理现况调查

目的 :了解北京市朝阳区突发公共卫生事件应急管理现况。方法 :通过横断面调查,对朝阳区23个政府部门、43个街道(地区)办事处、42个社区卫生服务中心和11家医疗卫生机构使用统一问卷进行调查。结果 :突发公共卫生事件应急管理人员具有较高的危机意识,组织体系工作机构基本健全,大部分部门职能明确,与其他单位沟通协调顺畅;风险评估认为对朝阳区威胁最大的突发公共卫生事件依次是生活饮用水污染事件,重大传染病疫情,食物中毒事件。决策大部分会参考专家或学者意见或由单位内部集体决定。公众宣传教育形式多样,范围广泛。亟需解决的前三项制约因素是法律制度不够完善、人力资源不足、财力投入有限。结论 :突发公共卫生事件应急管理涉及多个部门和系统,其能力的提高是一项长期的任务,需进一步建立完善事后评估机制和重视科研机构和专家在应急管理的作用,完善朝阳区突发公共卫生事件应急管理机制。

Survey on current situation of the public health emergency management in Chaoyang District of Beijing

Objective：To understand the status of the public health emergency management in Chaoyang District of Beijing.Methods：A questionnaire survey was carried out in 23 departments of government,43 subdistrict （area） offices,42 community health centers and other 11 health service institutions.Results：Public health emergency management personnel had a high sense of crisis,and the organizational system was basically sound. Most departments had clearly defined functions and had established smooth communication and coordination with other units. Risk assessment demonstrated that drinking water contamination incidents,major infectious diseases,food poisoning incidents were main public health emergency that posed the greatest threat to Chaoyang District. The views of experts or scholars would be reference for most decision-making,or the interior collective decision. Publicity and public education took many forms in a wide range. The first three constraints needed to be solved urgently were imperfect legal system, inadequate human resources and limited financial input.Conclusion：It is a long-term task to improve the capacity of public health emergency management,which involves multiple departments and systems. It is necessary to further establish and improve mechanism for ex-post evaluation and pay more attention to the role of research institutions and experts in emergency management. It is also suggested to improve the public health emergency management mechanism in Chaoyang District.