奥氮平与利司哌酮治疗痴呆病人的精神行为症状的比较

目的：比较奥氮平与利司哌酮(又名利培酮)治疗痴呆病人的精神行为症状(BPSD)的疗效和不良反应。方法：67例痴呆病人分为2组。奥氮平组32例剂量(4．1±s 1．8)mg·d~(-1)；2．5～7．5mg·d~(-1)],利司哌酮组35例剂量(0．8±0．5)mg·d~(-1),0．25～2mg·d~(-1)],疗程8wk。分别采用痴呆行为量表(BE- HAVE-AD)和副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效和不良反应。结果：奥氮平组和利司哌酮组显效率分别为50%和40%(P＞0．05)；2组BEHAVE-AD评分治疗前后配对比较均有非常显著差异(P＜0．01)。2组不良反应发生率分别为28%和49%(P＞0．05)；奥氮平组的不良反应主要为嗜睡(12%)和体重增加(16%)。结论：低剂量的奥氮平或利司哌酮治疗可以显著改善BPSD,但奥氮平不良反应少。

Olanzapine vs risperidone in treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

AIM:To compare the efficacies and adverse reactions of olanzapine and risperidone in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD).METHODS:Sixty-seven patients were divided into two groups.Thirty-two patients of olanzapine group took olanzapine(4.1±s 1.8)mg-d~(-1),2.5～7.5 mg·d~(-1) and 35 patients of risperidone group took risperidone(0.8±0.5)mg.d~(-1),0.25～2 mg·d~(-1).The treatment duration was 8 wk with the efficacy and adverse reactions assessed by the BEHAVE-AD and TESS, respectively.RESULTS:The improvement rates of olanzapine group and risperidone group were 50 % and 40 % respectively,there was no significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).The scores of BEHAVE-AD of both groups before and after the treatment were in dramatically significant difference(P＜0.01).The entire rate of adverse reactions of two groups were 28 % and 49 % respectively,showing no signifcant difference between them (P＞0.05).The main adverse reactions of olanzapine consisted of sleeply(12%)and weight gain(16%). CONCLUSION:Low-dose olanzapine shows good efficacy for treating BPSD as risperidone,but with less ad- verse reactions.