葛根素对慢性高眼压模型大鼠视神经的保护作用

目的 观察葛根素对慢性高眼压模型大鼠视神经的保护作用。 方法 采用随机数字表法将60只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组,模型对照组及葛根素组,每组20只,均以右眼为实验眼。模型对照组及葛根素组大鼠采用巩膜静脉烧灼法建立慢性高眼压模型,假手术组大鼠仅剪开球结膜。术前及术后每日葛根素组大鼠腹腔内注射葛根素(10 mL/kg),假手术组和模型对照组大鼠腹腔内注射0.5 mL生理盐水,共注射4周。测量术前,术后1 d、3 d、1周、2周、3周及4周的眼压。术后第4周制备大鼠眼球及视神经标本,采用苏木精-伊红染色法测定视网膜厚度,透射电子显微镜观察各组大鼠视神经轴突超微结构的变化,western blotting法检测视网膜中p-AKT/AKT蛋白的表达。 结果 模型对照组及葛根素组造模前后眼压值变化差异均有统计学意义(F葛根素=448.22,P<0.001,F模型=450.86, P<0.001),造模后第4周3组间眼压差异有统计学意义(F=520.88,P<0.001)。 造模后4周,3组大鼠视网膜厚度值比较差异有统计学意义(F=441.29,P<0.001),视神经中有髓神经纤维数量比较差异有统计学意义(F=1 344.31, P<0.001),视网膜中p-AKT及AKT比值比较差异有统计学意义(F=90.22, P<0.001)。 结论 葛根素对慢性高眼压模型大鼠视神经具有保护作用。

Protective effect of puerarin on the optic nerve in rats with chronic intraocular hypertension

Objective To observe the protective effect of Puerarin on optical nerve in rats with chronic intraocular hypertension. Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham operation, model control, and puerarin groups by the random number table method. Each group contained 20 rats, and the right eye was used as the experimental eye. Chronic intraocular hypertension was established in the model control and puerarin groups by scleral vein cautery; in the sham operation group, the conjunctiva was cut. Puerarin was injected intraperitoneally into rats in the puerarin group(10 mL/kg), while 0.5 mL saline was injected intraperitoneally into rats in the sham operation and model control groups, both before the operation and once daily after the operation for 4 weeks. Intraocular pressure was measured before the operation and 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after the operation. Rat eyeballs and optic nerve specimens were prepared at 4 weeks after the operation. The retinal thickness was measured by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Ultrastructural changes in optic nerve axons in rats were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of p-AKT and AKT proteins in the retina was analyzed by western blotting. Results There were significant differences with respect to changes in intraocular pressure before and after the operation in the model control and puerarin groups(F_puerarin=448.22, P<0.001; F_model=450.86, P<0.001). There was a significant difference in the intraocular pressure among the three groups at 4 weeks after the operation(F=520.88, P<0.001). At 4 weeks after operation, there were significant differences among the three groups in retinal thickness(F=441.29, P<0.001), in the number of myelinated nerve fibers (F=1 344.31, P<0.001), and in the ratio of p-AKT to AKT(F=90.22, P<0.001). Conclusion Puerarin has a protective effect on the optic nerve in rats with chronic intraocular hypertension.