ESKAPE bacteria characterization reveals the presence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreaks in COVID-19/VAP patients |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico;2. Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico;3. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México;1. División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, México City, Mexico;2. Dirección de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, México City, Mexico;3. Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, Mexico;1. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt;2. Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH;1. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT;2. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA;1. Healthcare Administration, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A & M University, Corpus Christi, TX;2. Healthcare Management, Jack C. Massey College of Business, Belmont University, Nashville, TN |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionA decrease of detection of outbreaks by multidrug-resistant bacteria in critical areas has been reduced due to COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, molecular epidemiological surveillance should be a primary tool to reveal associations not evident by classical epidemiology. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the presence of hidden outbreaks in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and to associate their possible origin.MethodsA population of 96 COVID-19 patients was included in the study (April to June 2020) from Hospital Juárez de México. Genetic identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of VAP causative agents isolated from COVID-19 patients was performed. Resistance phenotypes were confirmed by PCR. Clonal association of isolates was performed by analysis of intergenic regions obtained. Finally, the association of clonal cases of VAP patients was performed by timelines.ResultsESKAPE and non-ESKAPE bacteria were identified as causative agents of VAP. ESKAPE bacteria were classified as MDR and XDR. Only A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa were identified as clonally distributed in 13 COVID-19/VAP patients. Time analysis showed that cross-transmission existed between patients and care areas.ConclusionsAcinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were involved in outbreaks non-detected in COVID-19/VAP patients in the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. |
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