广西8市HIV抗体阳性母亲使用预防艾滋病母婴传播药物后对18月龄幼儿身体发育不良的9年回顾性研究

目的 回顾性研究广西8市2010-2018年HIV抗体阳性母亲使用预防艾滋病母婴传播(prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV,PMTCT)的抗逆转录病毒药物后对18月龄幼儿身体发育不良的影响,为国家改进PMTCT的用药方案提供依据.方法 选取广西8市作为研究现...

A 9-year retrospective review on 18-month-old infants with physical dysplasia born by HIV-positive mothers received antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT in 8 cities of Guangxi

Objective To retrospectively study the adverse influence on physical development of 18-month-old infants born by HIV-positive mothers received antiretroviral drugs for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in 8 cities of Guangxi during 2010-2018, and to provide evidence for our country to better tailor PMTCT medication program. Methods We selected 8 cities in Guangxi as the retrospective research sites. Based on the design of retrospective case-control study, the case group consisted of HIV-positive mothers received PMTCT intervention and their infants selected from the National Maternal and Child Interruption System Database in the 8 cities in Guangxi from January 2010 to December 2018, and the history cards of antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT, the data about interruption of mother-to-infant transmission, and physical examination data regarding the 18-month-old infants were collected and analyzed. The control group was composed of healthy mothers and their infants born in the maternal and child health care hospitals in the 8 cities of Guangxi in 2018, and physical examination data regarding the 18-month-old infants were collected and analyzed. Infant physical dysplasia was defined as at least one of the three indicators of height, weight and head circumference below the normal range. Results The usage rates of antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT in the HIV-positive mothers and their infants in the case group were 91.38% (2,811/3,076) and 96.41 (2,954/3,064), respectively. The rates of HIV positive, mortality and mother-to-child transmission among infants aged 18 months in the case group were 1.21% (37/3,064), 2.28% (70/3,064) and 2.21%, respectively. Physical examination results indicated that the incidence rates of physical dysplasia in infants aged 18 months in the case group and the control group were 14.57% (301/2,066) and 10.39% (563/5,419), respectively, showing a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.000). Conclusion The usage rate of antiretroviral drugs for PMTCT in the HIV-positive mothers and their infants in the 8 cities of Guangxi in the past 9 years was high, which might lead to a high incidence rate of physical dysplasia in the infants aged 18 months. Therefore, further deep research should be done on its influencing factors.