3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪与母亲喂养方式、育儿信心及婴儿气质类型的关联性研究

  目的  了解3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪的状况，探讨其与母亲喂养方式、育儿信心和婴儿气质类型的关联性，为研究相关干预措施提供理论依据。  方法  以2019年1—12月在重庆市妇幼保健院等4所妇幼保健院检查的415例3月龄婴儿母亲为研究对象。采用自拟调查问卷收集母亲和婴儿的基本信息，使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评价母亲的抑郁情绪，卡瑞坦尼育儿信心量表评价母亲育儿信心，婴儿早期气质问卷获得婴儿气质类型。应用单因素分析母亲喂养方式、育儿信心及婴儿气质类型等因素对母亲抑郁情绪的影响，非条件logistic回归计算调整混杂因素后的OR值和95% CI。  结果  本研究中3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪的检出率为27.0%；控制其他因素后，显示3月龄婴儿母亲的抑郁情绪与其育儿信心(OR=5.413，95% CI:1.580~18.544)和婴儿难养型气质(OR=11.808，95% CI:2.037~68.454)相关联。  结论  分析3月龄婴儿母亲抑郁情绪与育儿信心、婴儿气质类型的关联情况，有利于婴儿母亲抑郁情绪的识别和发现。建议儿童保健门诊针对气质难养类型的婴儿和育儿信心不足的母亲加强关注和支持，监测其情绪状态，及时发现负面情绪并给予疏导，从而有效降低婴儿母亲抑郁症的发生率。 

Relationship between depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants and their feeding style,parenting confidence and infant temperament type

  Objective  To understand the state of depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants, explore its correlation with mothers' confidence in parenting and infant temperament and provide a theoretical basis for the study of related interventions.  Methods  A total of 415 mothers of 3-month-old infants who were examined in 4 maternal and child health care hospitals including Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect basic information about mothers and their babies. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale was used to evaluate the mother's depression, the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale was used to evaluate the mother's parenting confidence, and the Early Infant Temperament Questionnaire was used to obtain infant temperament types. Univariate analysis was used to analyse the influence of factors such as maternal feeding style, parenting confidence and infant temperament type on mothers' depression. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the OR and 95% CI after adjusting for confounding factors.  Results  In this study, the detection rate of depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants was 27.0%. After controlling for other factors, depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants was found to be associated with their parenting confidence (OR=5.413, 95% CI: 1.580-18.544) and infant's difficult-to-nourish temperament (OR=11.808, 95% CI: 2.037-68.454).  Conclusion  The relationship between depression in mothers of 3-month-old infants, parenting confidence and infant temperament types is conducive to the identification and discovery of mothers' depression. Paediatric health clinics should pay more attention and provide support to infants with difficult temperament and mothers with insufficient parenting confidence, monitor their emotional state, detect negative emotions in time and provide guidance, so as to effectively reduce the incidence of depression in the mothers of infants.